Resources
Assessments & Interventions
Discover our academically validated measures to investigate crises, needs and strengths of older adults and caregivers; also, evidence-based interventions/manuals. Apply online with your project details and get approval in two weeks. Partner with Sau Po Centre on Ageing to refine these living resources and advance evidence-based care
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Language Available: Chinese
說明:
施測者在測驗之前，要準備1）一個秒錶； 和2） 一把直背座椅, 座位高度大約距地面43釐米。 最好將椅子靠牆放置, 防止在測試中椅子向後滑倒。
通過簡便地計算在30秒鐘內一個受測試者正確完成椅子的「坐下-站立」動作次數的最大值，來測驗受測試者的下肢肌肉力量。
Publication:
Macfarlane, D. J., Cheng, Y. H., Chou, K. L., & Chi, I. (2003). Validation of the 30-second chair stand test in elderly Hong Kong Chinese. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 70, 113-119
Jones, C.J., Rikli, R.E., & Beam, W.C. (1999). A 30-s chair stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 70, 113-119.
Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1970). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist ,9, 179-186.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
日常生活能力量表(ADL)主要用作評估受測試者的一般日常生活能力，例如穿衣、洗澡、進食、梳洗、如廁、失禁等，較爲適用於評估一些體質較弱或居住院舍中之長者。
Publication:
Chi, I., &Boey, K. W. (1994). A mental health and social support study of the old-old in Hong Kong. (Resource Paper Series No.22). Hong Kong :The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work& Social Administration.
Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL: A Standardized Measure of Biological and Psychosocial Function. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 185, 914–919.
Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1970). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist ,9, 179-186.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有23個條目。
主要目的是評估老人做運動的障礙。
Publication:
Chou, K.L., Macfarlane, D. J., Chi, I., & Cheng, Y. H. (2006). Physical Exercise in Chinese Older Adults: A Transtheoretical Model. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 11, 114–131.
Language Available: Chinese, English
Description:
Standardized 11-item assessment tool
Assess the caregiver’s risk and need level
Publication:
Lou, V. W., Chan, S. K. L., Tang, V. M. Y., Chandola, T., Chan, W. S., Quan, J., … & Leung, D. K. Y. (2025). Development and Validation of a Carer Need Screening Tool (CNST-11) for Carers of Older Adults: A Need Stratified Tool for Services Matching. The Gerontologist, gnaf151.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有53個條目，6個分量表
包括日常生活功能、社會心理、對止痛藥的看法、情緒、疼痛的信念和意義、疼痛的強度等。
Publication:
Chung, J. W. Y., Wong T.K.S., & Yang, J.C.S.(2000). The Lens Model: Assessment Of Cancer Pain In a Chinese Context. Cancer Nursing, 23, 454-461.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
中文疼痛程度語言等級量表是一個自我報告的測量工具,在清楚解釋量表目的之後，受測試者閱讀條目，並作出最符合自己的感受的選擇。
Publication:
Chung, J.W.Y. , Wong, T.K.S.,& Yang, J.C.S.(1999) The construction of a pain intensity verbal rating scale in Chinese. Acta Anaesthesiol Sinica, 37, 65-71.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有9個條目
主要包括老人及其家人在經濟、日常生活和情感方面互相依賴的觀念和行為。
Publication:
Mjelde-Mossey, L.A., Chi, I., & Lou, V.W.Q.(2005). Assessing tradition in Chinese elders living in a changing social environment: Implications for social work practice. Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment, 11, 41-57.
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Language Available: Chinese
說明:
描述癡呆老人容易出現的激動情緒和行爲的句子，例如重覆說話、煩躁等。從概念上可以有兩個緯度來看量表的條目，屬於言語的還是行爲的、有攻擊性還是沒有攻擊性，所以有4個分量表：言語非攻擊性、言語攻擊性、行爲非攻擊性、和行爲攻擊性。
照顧者根據過去14天內受測試者的行爲表現，在一個7點的裏克特量表上選擇，從「未發生過」到「如不制止便會發生」。
Publication:
Lai, C.K.Y. (2002). The use of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory in the assessment of agitation in people with dementia: Applicability in Hong Kong. The Hong Kong Journal of Geronlogy, 14, 66-69.
Cohen-Mansfield, J., & Billig, N. (1986). Agitated behaviors in the elderly I: A conceptual review, Journal of American Geriatric Society, 34, 711-721.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有36個條目。
評估有關老人認知能力的五個範圍：包括專注力、啟動和病理性重複測試、構圖概念、類別概念和記憶力。
Publication:
Chan, I.H.L., & Siu, A.M.H. (2005). A study of the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Dementia Rating Scale. International Psychogeriatrics, 17, 69–79.
Mattis, S. (1998). Dementia Rating Scale Professional Manual. USA: Psychological Assessment Resources Inc.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共包含11個條目。
用來評估有益的日常生活活動（IADL）中七個不同的活動，包括金錢處理﹑購物﹑預備食物﹑認知﹑閱讀﹑交通及嗜好。
Publication:
Chou, K.L. (2001). Direct Assessment of Functional Abilities (DAFA): A vaildation study with Hong Kong Chinese elders. Clinical Gerontologist, 23,55-64.
Karagiozis, H.,Gray, S.,J.,Shapiro,M.,&Kawas, C.(1998). The direct Assessment of Functional Abilities (DAFA): A comparison to an indirect measure of Instumental Activities of Daily Living. Gerontologist, 38, 113-121.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
有22個條目
包括倫理、人道、醫學及實際推行等方面
Publication:
Fok, S.Y., Chong, A. M.L., & Tang, K.C. (2000). Public and doctors’ s attitudes of college students towards euthanasia. The Journal of School Health, 49, 351-352.
Tordella, M.A., & Neutens, J.K. (1979). An instrument to appraise attitudes of college students toward euthanasia. The Journal of School Health, 19, 351-352.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含25個條目
5個分量表，包括適應新職協調、應變需要及提供協助、處理個人情感需要、評估家人及社區支援資源及調整生活及職務需要
Publication:
Lee, R. L.T. (2004). Caring for family members with stroke: Chinese family caregivers experiences. Asian Journal of Nursing Studies, 7, 18-27.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
通用健康問卷關注受測試者當前的精神紊亂程度
原始長表為140題；有不同的簡表，其中GHQ-30最適合用作研究正常人群。
Publication:
Chi, I., &Boey, K. W. (1994). A mental health and social support study of the old-old in Hong Kong. (Resource Paper Series No.22). Hong Kong :The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work& Social Administration.
Goldberg, D. P. (1972). The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire: A technique for the identification and assessment of non-psychotic psychiatric illness. London:Oxford University. Press.
Language Available: Chinese, English
Description:
A screening tool designed to detect depression in older adults.
Consists of a series of yes/no questions that assess mood and life satisfaction over the past week.
The original GDS had 30 items and a shorter 15-item version (GDS-15) is commonly used and is quick to administer.
Publication:
Lee, H.C. B., Chiu, H. F. K., Kowk, W. Y., Leung, C. M., Kwong, P.K., & Chung, D.W.S. (1993). Chinese elderly and the GDS short form: A preliminary study. Clinical Gerontologist, 14, 37–42.
Blink, T.L., Yesavage, J.A., Lum, O., Heerssema, P.H., Adey, M., & Rose, T.L. (1982). Screening tests for geriatric depression, Clincal Gerontologist, 1, 37-43.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含31個條目
由1個獨立條目和4個分量表組成；獨立條目用於測量老年人以前的自殺行爲，4個分量表分別用於測量老年人的自殺意念、生活取向、個人和社會價值的喪失以及死亡意念
Publication:
Chou, K.L., Jun, L.W., & Iris Chi (2005). Assessing Chinese older adults’ suicidal ideation scale. Aging and Mental Health, 9, 167-171.
Heisel, M.J., Flett, G.L., & Besser, A. (2002). Cognitive functioning and geriatric suicide ideation: Testing a mediatinal model.American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 10, 428-436
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
日常生活操作能力量表(IADL)主要用作評估受測試者較複雜的生活能力及其在社區的生活能力，通常包括家務（如煮食、家居清潔、洗衣等）、戶外活動（如購物、乘搭交通工具等）、以及生活管理（如財務管理、使用電話、葯物處理及服用等），較適合評估一些仍在社區居住之長者。
Publication:
Chi, I., &Boey, K. W. (1994). A mental health and social support study of the old-old in Hong Kong. (Resource Paper Series No.22). Hong Kong :The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work& Social Administration.
Katz, S., Ford, A. B., Moskowitz, R. W., Jackson, B. A., & Jaffe, M. W. (1963). Studies of Illness in the Aged: The Index of ADL: A Standardized Measure of Biological and Psychosocial Function. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 185, 914–919.
Lawton, M. P., & Brody, E. M. (1970). Assessment of older people: Self-maintaining and instrumental activities of daily living. Gerontologist ,9, 179-186.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有18項條目。
定義個人正向評估自己整體生活質素的程度。
Publication:
Chi, I.,& Boey, K. W.(1992). Validation of measuring instruments of mental health status of the elderly in Hong Kong (Resource Paper Series No.17). Hong Kong : The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work & Social Administration
Adams, D.L. (1969).Analysis of Life Satisfaction Index. Journal of Genrontogy, 24, 470-474
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
生活滿意度指數量表共包括5個分量表，即對於生活的熱愛與漠然，果斷與堅韌，想要達到的和已經實現的目標之間的一致性，積極的自我概念，以及情緒狀態。
Publication:
Chi, I., &Boey, K. W. (1994). A mental health and social support study of the old-old in Hong Kong. (Resource Paper Series No.22). Hong Kong :The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work& Social Administration.
Neugarten, B.L., Havighurst, R.J.,&Tobin, S.S.(1961). The measurement of life satisfaction. Journal of Gerontology, 16, 134-143.
Language Available: Chinese, English
Description:
Measure life satisfaction among the Chinese elderly from a domain perspective at both basic and social needs level
Assess a general level of life containment
Publication:
Lou, V. W. Q.*, Chi, I., & Mjelde-Mossey, L. A. (2008) Development and validation of a Life Satisfaction Scale for Chinese Elders. The international Journal of Aging & Human Development, 67(2), 149-170. https://doi.org/10.2190/ag.67.2.c
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共包含10個條目
涉及三個不同的方面：家庭網路、朋友網路、和互相依靠的社會支援。
Publication:
Chi, I.,& Boey, K. W.(1992). Validation of measuring instruments of mental health status of the elderly in Hong Kong (Resource Paper Series No.17). Hong Kong : The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work & Social Administration
Lubben, J.E.(1988). Assessing social networks among elderly populations. Family and Community Health, 11,42-52.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含36個條目
測量體能、生理健康對日常活動的影響、由情绪對日常活動的影響、疼痛、整體健康、精力、社交功能、心理健康、及評估健康的變化情況。
Publication:
Lam, C.L.K., Gandek, B., Ren, X.S., & Chan, M.S.(1998) Tests of scaling assumptions and construct validity of the Chinese (HK)version of the SF-36 Health Survey. Journal of Clinical Epidemiologym, 51, 1139-1147.
Ware, J.E., Snow, K.K., Kosinski, M., & Gandek, B. (1993). SF-36 Health Survey Manual & Interpretation Guide, BostonL The Health Institude.
Language Available: Chinese, English
Description:
Measure the pressure and changes of being a grandparent.
Publication:
Wei‐Qun, L. V., & Chi, I. (2008). Measuring grandparenthood stress and reward: Developing
a scale based on perceptions by grandparents with adolescent grandchildren in Hong Kong.
Geriatrics & gerontology international, 8(4), 291-299.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包括9個部分：
1. 服務使用者的一般資料，包括識別資科、個人資料及轉介事項
2. 載列評估資料，如評估日期、評估理由及簽署
3. 服務使用者的身體及精神狀況，包括認知型態、溝通與聽覺能力、視力及情緒與行為型態
4. 服務使用者的社會支援，如社交能力及非正規支援服務
5. 服務使用者的生理功能(日常獨立活動能力IADL，自我照顧能力 ADL)
6. 服務使用者的健康狀況，包括排泄抑制情形、疾病診斷、健康狀況與疾病預防處理、營養及身體水份情況、牙肯齒狀況及皮膚狀況
7. 服務使用者的生活環境
8. 服務使用者對服務的使用情況
9. 服務使用者的用藥情況
Publication:
Kwan, C.W., Chi, I., Lam, T.P., Lam, K.F. & Chou, K. L. (2000). Validation of minimum data set for home care assessment instrument (MDS-HC) for Hong Kong Chinese elders. Clinical Gerontologist, 21, 35-48.
Morris, J.N. Fries, B.E., Bernabei, R., Steel, R.K., Ikegami, N., & Carpenter, G.I., Gilgen, R., Dupasquier, J., Frijters, D., Henrard, J., Hirdes, J.P., &Belleville-Taylor, P. (2002) RAI – Home Care (RAI-HC) assessment manual for verson 2.0. Bonston: interRAI.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有18個條目。
主要目的是評估老人對於做運動的成果期望。
Publication:
Chou, K.L., Macfarlane, D. J., Chi, I., & Cheng, Y. H. (2006). Physical Exercise in Chinese Older Adults: A Transtheoretical Model. Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research, 11, 114–131.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
測量8大維度的生活品質，包括運動性, 日常生活活動, 情感, 標籤作用, 社會支持, 認知, 溝通及身體不適。
Publication:
Tsang, K.L., Chi, I.,Ho, S.L., Lou, V.W.Q., Lee,T.M.C.,&Chu, L.W.(2002). Translation and validation of the standard Chinese version of PDQ-30: A quality-of-life measure for patients with Parkinson’s diseae. Movement Disorders, 17,1036-1040
Peto, V., Jenkinson,C.,Fitzpatrick,R.,&Greenhall, R.(1995). The development and validation of a short measure of functioning and well being for individuals with Parkinson’s disease. Quality if Life Research, 4, 241-248.
Language Available: Chinese
Description:
Standardized 11-item assessment tool
Evaluate positive caregiving appraisals among Chinese dementia caregivers
Publication:
Lou, V. W., Lau, B. H. P., & Cheung, K. S. L. (2015). Positive aspects of caregiving (PAC):
scale validation among Chinese dementia caregivers (CG). Archives of gerontology and
geriatrics, 60(2), 299-306.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
有28個條目
包括心理社交照顧、員工態度、清潔、群體生活、舍友關係、食物選擇、自主權、私隱、以及「家」的環境。
Publication:
Chong, A.M.L.,&Chi. I.(2001) The construction and validation of a scale for consumer satisfaction with the Aged Home Service in Hong Kong. Journal of Interprofessional Care, 15, 223-234.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含36個條目
3個分量表，評估選擇（ES）、最佳化(O)和補償(C)技巧的條目各12條。所有的條目包含兩句陳述，第一句陳述描述有關選擇﹑最佳化或補償的技巧，而另一句陳述則相反，受測試者要在兩句陳述中選擇一句符合自己情況的陳述。
Publication:
Chou, K.L., & C, I. (2001). Selection, Optimization, and Compensation Questionnaire: A validation study with Chinese older adults. Clinical Gerontologist, 24, 141-151.
Freund, A.M. & Baltes, P.B. (2002). Life-management strategies of selection, optimizationandcompensation: Measurement by self-reort and construct validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 642,662.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
修訂後的中文版簡短綜合評估及治療安排檢討測量表有75個條目
測量包括老年癡呆症、老年抑鬱症；器官性腦綜合症、抑鬱、主觀記憶、睡眠障礙、活動能力限制和軀體症狀。
Publication:
Golden, P., Teresi, J., Gurland,B. (1984). Development of indicator scales for the comprehensive assessment and referral evaluation. Journal of Gerontology, 2, 138-146.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含6個條目
包括「輕鬆與人相處」，「輕鬆參與有計劃的活動」，「輕鬆參與自發性的活動」，「建立目標」，「投入院舍生活」和「接受大多數群體活動的邀請」
Publication:
Lai, C. K. Y., Chi, I., & Kayser-Jones, J. (2004). A randomized controlled trial of a specific reminiscence approach to promote the well-being of nursing home residents with dementia. International Psychogeriatrics, 16(1), 33–49.
Mor, V., Branco, K., Fleishman, J., Hawas, C., Phillips, C., Morris, J., & Fries, B. (1995). The structure of social engagement among nursing home residents. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 50B, P1-8.
Language Available: Chinese, English
Description:
Measure the spiritual well-being of Chinese older adults, including meaning of life, life situation, emotions and feelings
Publication:
Lou, V. W. (2015). Spiritual well-being of Chinese older adults: Conceptualization, measurement and intervention. Springer.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
飲酒失常識別測驗以12條問題呈現
包括酒精習慣、酗酒和酒精依賴、情感/認知反應、與飲酒相關問題的評估、酗酒自評及戒酒困難自評。
Publication:
Leung, S.F.,& Arthur, D.(2000). The alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT): Validation of an instrument for enhancing nursing practice in Hong Kong. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 37, 57-64.
Bohn, M.J., Babor, T.F.,& Kranzler, H.R. (1995). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): Validation of a screening instrument for use in medical settings. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 56, 423-432.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含20個條目
涉及四個不同的方面，或換言之，包括四個不同的分量表，即抑鬱情緒、正性情感、軀體症狀和人際關係問題。
Publication:
Chi, I.,& Boey, K. W.(1992). Validation of measuring instruments of mental health status of the elderly in Hong Kong (Resource Paper Series No.17). Hong Kong : The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work & Social Administration
Radloff, L.S. (1977). The CES-D Scle: A self-report depression scale for research in the General population. Applied Psychological Measurement ,1, 385-401.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
由10個條目組成。
測量認知功能的不同方面，包括短期記憶、長期記憶、對周圍環境的辨識、當前事件的見聞、以及數字順序排列的能力。
Publication:
Chi, I.,& Boey, K. W.(1992). Validation of measuring instruments of mental health status of the elderly in Hong Kong (Resource Paper Series No.17). Hong Kong : The University of Hong Kong, Department of Social Work & Social Administration
Pfeiffer, E.(1975). A short portabe mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients. Journal of American Geriatrics Society, 10, 433-441.
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
共有28個條目
測量生活質素的生理、心理、社會關係、環境、整體生活質素及整體健康狀況。
Publication:
Leung, K.F., Wong, W.W.,Tay,M.S.M.,Chu,M.M.L.,&Ng,S.S.W.(2005) Development and validation of the interview version of the Hong Kong Chinese WHOQOL-BREF, Quality of Life Research, 14,1414-1419.
World Health Organization.(1997). Development of the WHOQOL-BREF from the WHOQOL-100. Geneva: World Health Oraganization
Language Available: Chinese
說明:
包含20個條目
涉及人們在日常生活中遇到有困難的情況下經常可能採取的不同態度和措施
Publication:
解亞寧(1998)易應對方式量表信度和效度的初步研究。中國臨床心理雜誌，6，114-115
Edwards, J.R., &O’Neill R.M. (1998). The constuct validity of scores on the ways of coping questionnaire: Confirmatory analysis of alternative factor structures. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 58, 955-983.